For people with both sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -- otherwise known as "overlap syndrome" -- getting the sleep disorder treated could save their lives, a new study suggests.


Researchers from Brown University found that treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP, considered the gold standard for sleep apnea treatment) lowers death risk among people with sleep apnea and COPD.


The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine[1] , is based on data from 10,272 outpatients. Of those people, 3,396 people had COPD or obstructive sleep apnea between 2007 and 2010, and among those, 227 had both conditions. The people with both conditions were treated with CPAP, and researchers kept track of how compliant they were in using the treatment for the first one to three months.


By the end of the study period, 17 people who had both sleep apnea and COPD had died. Researchers found an association between CPAP compliance and risk of dying over the study period. Surprisingly, researchers found that any use of CPAP still helped to lower the risk of death. Age was also identified as an independent predictor of death.


"We were most surprised to find that any level of CPAP use[2] in this cohort, over no use, was associated with some mortality benefit," study researcher Michael L. Stanchina, M.D., who is a clinical assistant professor of medicine at the Alpert Medical School a the university, said in a statement.


A past study on overlap syndrome, published in the Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, explained that the prevalence of sleep apnea isn't necessarily higher[3] among people with COPD, and that having the two conditions at once is probably just a matter of chance.


CPAP has been shown to decrease the death risk among people with other health conditions, too. A study presented at the ATS 2011 International Conference showed that elderly people's risk of dying from heart-related reasons[4] goes down if they have their sleep apnea treated with CPAP. In addition, a 2009 study in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine showed that stroke patients with sleep apnea[5] could lower their risk of dying if they receive CPAP treatment.



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  • Sleep Apnea Increases Risk Of Heart Attack


    The sleep disorder has a number of poor effects on the heart. "It's as if somebody's choking you, so your heart rate goes up, your blood pressure goes up," Charles Czeisler, M.D., the Baldino Professor of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School told <em>Health</em> magazine. "Over time, even your daytime blood pressure is higher." Sleep apnea may be responsible for a third of all cases of <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/14/sleep-health_n_1310353.html">high blood pressure</a> in Americans, he told the magazine. A 2007 study showed just how serious these cardiovascular effects of sleep apnea are. The research found that people with sleep apnea were <a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/05/070520183533.htm">30 percent more likely to have a heart attack</a> or die of any cause over a four to five year period.




  • Sleep Apnea May Increase Depression Risk


    The under diagnosed sleep condition takes a <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/30/sleep-apnea-depression-risk_n_1391707.html">serious toll on the mood</a>, according to March research from the CDC. In fact, men with sleep apnea were more than twice as likely and women more than five times as likely to feel hopeless, lose interest in their regular activites and display other signs of clinical depression, Health.com reported. Snoring did not seem to be associated with depression. Luckily, the very same <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/15/sleep-apnea-treatment-depression-cpap_n_1597703.html">treatment for sleep apnea may also ease depression</a>, according to Cleveland Clinic research.




  • Sleep Apnea May Be A Risk Factor For Diabetes


    There is a growing body of research supporting a link between the presence of sleep apnea and <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/24/sleep-apnea-diabetes-type-2-_n_1539933.html">metabolic disorders like diabetes</a>, HuffPost reported in May. Both moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea were found to be predictors of the disease. A previous study found that people with sleep apnea had more than <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2007/05/24/sleep-apnea-increases-risk-heart-attack-and-diabetes">double the risk of developing diabetes</a>.




  • Sleep Apnea May Increase Cancer Risk


    Not only do people with sleep apnea have a <a href="http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/20/sleep-apnea-tied-to-increased-cancer-risk/">higher risk of developing cancer</a>, but they also have a higher risk of dying from the disease, the <em>New York Times</em> reported. Two studies in May examined this link. One found people with sleep apnea had a 65 percent higher change of developing any kind of cancer. The second found that disordered breathing contributed to a five-times higher rate of dying from the disease.




  • Sleep Apnea May Sap Your Libido


    Excessive sleepiness is certainly enough to kill the mood, but research suggests that sleep apnea in particular has an effect on sexual function in both men and women. It may <a href="http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/really-the-claim-sleep-apnea-causes-sexual-problems/">drive down sex hormones</a> like testosterone in a way that can extinguish the flame for women and cause erectile dysfunction in men, according to the <em>New York Times</em>. And while the typical treatment -- a CPAP machine -- is not exactly an aphrodisiac, Dr. Michael J. Breus writes, it can help not only with sleep apnea, but <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-michael-j-breus/sleep-apnea_b_1661687.html">with the sexual side effects as well</a>.




  • Sleep Apnea May Increase Stroke Risk


    Researchers have long studied the link between the sleep disorder and the risk of stroke, but a small recent study found that 51 of 56 stroke patients evaluated -- or <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-michael-j-breus/sleep-apnea_b_1342311.html">91 percent of patients</a> -- had sleep apnea, Dr. Michael J. Breus wrote for HuffPost. More research is still needed to determine just what role disrupted breathing plays in this elevated risk.




  • Sleep Apnea Increases Accident Risk


    It's not rocket science -- excessive sleepiness during the day leads to sleepier drivers who are at a higher risk of crashing. But a 2008 study found that people with sleep apnea have double the risk of being in a car accident and are <a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080218214401.htm">three to five times more likely to be in a serious crash</a>. The study was the first to examine the severity of car crashes among people with sleep apnea, and found that even mild disordered breathing was linked to increased risk.




  • Sleep Apnea Is Linked To Pregnancy Complications


    Granted, Perry doesn't have to worry about this particular concern. While sleep apnea is often perceived as a problem predominately for men, <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/sleep-apnea-in-women-may-_n_1779127.html">women are not immune</a>. And, in fact, sleep apnea presents unique complications for women. A recent study found that women with sleep apnea were more likely to develop high blood pressure during their pregnancies, to require a C-section birth and their babies were more <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/21/sleep-apnea-in-pregnancy-_n_1903534.html">likely to be admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit</a>.




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